Rooftop solar is concentrated: 220 systems per 1,000 homes in Hawaii, 18 places under 10
Utilities reported net-metered systems to EIA for 2024. Divided by their home accounts, Hawaii has 220.5 per 1,000. The middle state has 15.4. Tennessee has 0.0.
What we found
18 of 50 places have fewer than 10 systems per 1,000 home accounts. The leader is 14.3 times the middle value.
Net metering counts systems that send power back to the grid and get credit for it. Systems under other rules, and batteries, may be missing.
Map
- 0 to 5
- 5 to 11
- 11 to 21
- 21 to 54
- 54 to 220
Highest and lowest
Ten highest
Ten lowest
How we computed it
- For each utility, EIA-861 reports net-metered systems and home accounts.
- Sum both within the state, then divide: systems ÷ home accounts × 1,000.
- Rank the 50 places and take the median: 15.40.
- Count places under 10 per 1,000: 18.
Formula: per 1,000 = net-metered systems / home accounts x 1000
All 50 places
| Hawaii | 1 | 220.5 | 5.4 | 1,714 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 2 | 147.7 | 6.1 | 1,687 |
| Nevada | 3 | 102.4 | 7.6 | 1,818 |
| Arizona | 4 | 101.2 | 8.1 | 1,750 |
| Colorado | 5 | 71.3 | 6.0 | 1,534 |
| Connecticut | 6 | 66.9 | 7.7 | 1,282 |
| Massachusetts | 7 | 64.9 | 6.9 | 1,277 |
| Utah | 8 | 63.8 | 7.1 | 1,541 |
| New Jersey | 9 | 54.0 | 7.4 | 1,324 |
| New Mexico | 10 | 53.6 | 6.2 | 1,784 |
| Maryland | 11 | 44.1 | 7.8 | 1,388 |
| Rhode Island | 12 | 37.9 | 6.1 | 1,295 |
| New Hampshire | 13 | 34.6 | 8.1 | 1,258 |
| New York | 14 | 30.7 | 6.9 | 1,273 |
| Delaware | 15 | 29.9 | 8.0 | 1,383 |
| Vermont | 16 | 29.2 | 11.0 | 1,225 |
| Florida | 17 | 27.8 | 9.3 | 1,546 |
| Illinois | 18 | 25.2 | 7.4 | 1,308 |
| Idaho | 19 | 21.9 | 7.7 | 1,371 |
| Maine | 20 | 20.6 | 8.0 | 1,267 |
| Virginia | 21 | 19.0 | 7.4 | 1,343 |
| Oregon | 22 | 17.7 | 7.5 | 1,130 |
| Montana | 23 | 17.4 | 7.0 | 1,316 |
| Washington | 24 | 17.1 | 7.3 | 1,062 |
| Louisiana | 25 | 16.0 | 6.2 | 1,484 |
| Pennsylvania | 26 | 14.8 | 8.3 | 1,241 |
| Iowa | 27 | 12.5 | 7.4 | 1,373 |
| North Carolina | 28 | 11.4 | 7.3 | 1,411 |
| Arkansas | 29 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 1,372 |
| Texas | 30 | 10.9 | 8.0 | 1,498 |
| Missouri | 31 | 10.5 | 10.0 | 1,386 |
| Oklahoma | 32 | 10.5 | 6.8 | 1,495 |
| South Carolina | 33 | 9.9 | 7.3 | 1,463 |
| Alaska | 34 | 9.3 | 5.4 | 1,017 |
| Minnesota | 35 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 1,353 |
| Wisconsin | 36 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 1,324 |
| Wyoming | 37 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 1,549 |
| Kansas | 38 | 5.7 | 7.5 | 1,482 |
| Michigan | 39 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 1,280 |
| Kentucky | 40 | 4.9 | 8.4 | 1,340 |
| Ohio | 41 | 4.8 | 7.4 | 1,244 |
| Georgia | 42 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 1,413 |
| Nebraska | 43 | 4.1 | 7.5 | 1,439 |
| Indiana | 44 | 3.7 | 8.7 | 1,370 |
| Mississippi | 45 | 1.3 | 6.1 | 1,370 |
| South Dakota | 46 | 1.1 | 8.5 | 1,400 |
| West Virginia | 47 | 1.1 | 8.5 | 1,199 |
| North Dakota | 48 | 0.6 | 5.6 | 1,326 |
| Alabama | 49 | 0.0 | 12.7 | 1,383 |
| Tennessee | 50 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 1,385 |
50 rows. Also as a plain file: facts/data/rooftop-solar-by-state.csv.
CSVWhat this does not show
The count covers net-metered systems reported by utilities. It leaves out systems billed under other tariffs and off-grid systems. Sunshine, rules, prices and incentives all differ by state.
Sources, dates and licences
| Source | Data period | Retrieved | Licence |
|---|---|---|---|
| EIA-861 annual electric power industry report, 2024 final | data year 2024 (2015 to 2023 files for history) | 1 Oct 2026 | U.S. government data, public domain; EIA asks for citation |
All source data are U.S. government publications. The tables and charts on this page are our own computations from them; how the sources are joined.
Related
Best states for rooftop solar · Citing this page · Facts feed
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Questions
What is net metering?
A billing arrangement where a home's solar system sends extra power to the grid and gets credit for it on the bill.
Which state has the most systems per home?
Hawaii, at 220.5 per 1,000 home accounts.
Does a low number mean no solar?
No. It can also mean a different billing rule, or that the utilities did not report.
Where does the data come from?
EIA-861 annual survey, net metering file, 2024.
Is solar worth it where I live?
The solar pages estimate output and bill value for each state.